When people think of high blood pressure, they usually picture a human health issue. But did you know pets can suffer from it too? Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is often called the “silent killer” in cats and dogs because it develops quietly and may go unnoticed until it causes serious health problems. By the time signs appear, damage to vital organs may already have occurred. Understanding this condition can help you protect your pet’s long-term health.
What is high blood pressure in pets?
Just like in people, blood pressure refers to the force of blood against artery walls. When it’s consistently too high, the blood vessels, heart, and organs are put under strain. In pets, hypertension is rarely a stand-alone condition. Instead, it’s usually secondary to another health problem, such as kidney disease, heart disease, or hormonal disorders like hyperthyroidism in cats or Cushing’s disease in dogs.
Why high blood pressure is dangerous
The reason hypertension is considered a “silent killer” is that pets rarely show obvious symptoms in the early stages. Over time, however, the constant pressure can damage delicate organs. The most commonly affected include:
- Eyes: High blood pressure can cause sudden blindness due to retinal detachment or hemorrhage.
- Kidneys: It can accelerate kidney disease, reducing kidney function even further.
- Heart: The heart has to work harder, which may lead to enlargement or heart failure.
- Brain and nervous system: Strokes, seizures, or sudden disorientation can occur.
Because these complications can appear suddenly, early detection is critical.
Signs of high blood pressure in pets
While subtle, some signs can point to hypertension:
- Sudden loss of vision or dilated pupils
- Nosebleeds
- Seizures or unusual neurological behaviors
- Increased drinking and urination (often linked to kidney disease)
- Lethargy or weakness
- Difficulty breathing or coughing if the heart is affected
Unfortunately, many pets with hypertension show no clear symptoms until organ damage is already advanced.
How is high blood pressure diagnosed?
Veterinarians use specialized equipment to measure blood pressure in pets, similar to how it’s done in humans. Because stress at the clinic can temporarily raise blood pressure, multiple readings may be taken to confirm accuracy. If hypertension is diagnosed, further tests—such as bloodwork, urinalysis, or imaging—are often recommended to identify any underlying disease.
Treatment options for hypertension in pets
Managing high blood pressure usually involves both treating the underlying cause and directly lowering blood pressure. Options may include:
- Medications: Drugs such as amlodipine (commonly used in cats) or ACE inhibitors (often used in dogs) help lower blood pressure.
- Dietary changes: Low-sodium diets or prescription kidney diets may be recommended.
- Monitoring and follow-ups: Regular blood pressure checks and lab work help track progress and adjust treatment.
With consistent management, many pets with hypertension can live comfortably for years.
Preventing complications
The best way to prevent the dangerous effects of hypertension is through regular veterinary checkups, especially as pets get older. Cats over the age of seven and dogs at risk for heart or kidney disease benefit most from routine blood pressure monitoring. Early detection allows treatment before irreversible organ damage occurs.
When to call your veterinarian
If your pet suddenly goes blind, has seizures, or shows other unusual neurological signs, seek veterinary care immediately. These may be life-threatening complications of untreated hypertension. Even without dramatic symptoms, regular wellness exams are your best defense.
At Killarney Animal Hospital, we know how important proactive care is for keeping pets healthy. Our team can screen for high blood pressure, manage underlying conditions, and provide treatment tailored to your pet’s needs.
Call us today at 604-433-5500 to book an appointment and ensure your pet isn’t silently suffering from high blood pressure.
